THE TOOLS OF WRITING, 2ª ED.

INTRODUCTION [ page 13 ]
UNIT: 1 [ page 27 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Pre-sentence
WRITING TOOLS: The subject; proper, common, and abstract nouns; pronouns; adjectives; apposition.
SKILLS: Identifying subjects and nouns; modifying subjects with adjectives and apposition; ensuring agreement between pronouns and antecedents.
UNIT: 2 [ page 34 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Pre-sentence
WRITING TOOLS: The verb; verb tenses; adverbials; linking verbs; objects and complements.
SKILLS: Identifying the verb; ensuring verb agreement; ensuring verb consistency; modifying verbs with adverbials; conveying action from subject to object; recognizing and using noun and adjective complements.
UNIT: 3 [ page 40 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Pre-sentence
WRITING TOOLS: The phrase; nouns in phrases; adjectives in phrases; adverbs in phrases.
SKILLS: Recognising and using phrases and clauses; using gerunds and infinitive phrases as nouns; avoiding dangling participles.
UNIT: 4 [ page 50 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Sentence
WRITING TOOLS: The independent clause; the dependent clause; noun clauses; relative clauses; adverbial clauses.
SKILLS: Recognising and using independent and dependent clauses; using subordination; punctuating subordinate clauses.
UNIT: 5 [ page 62 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Sentence
WRITING TOOLS: Coordinating conjunctions; compound parts of sentences; compound sentences.
SKILLS: Coordinating words, phrases, and sentences; checking for parallel structure; punctuating sentence elements; avoiding faulty parallel structures; identifying and correcting sentence fragments.
UNIT: 6 [ page 72 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Sentence
WRITING TOOLS: Noun with modifiers; verb with modifiers; verb with verb; noun with noun.
SKILLS: Improving sentence length and variety; identifying eed for further detail; combining sentences effectively.
UNIT: 7 [ page 84 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Sentence
WRITING TOOLS: The semi-colon; the colon; the comma; quotation marks.
SKILLS: Employing punctuation correctly in phrases, clauses, and sentences; identifying and correcting run-on sentences.
UNIT: 8 [ page 98 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Paragraph
WRITING TOOLS: The topic sentence; topic vs. topic sentence.
SKILLS: Analysing the paragraph; establishing paragraph unity; writing topic sentences; limiting topic sentences; editing irrelevance from paragraphs; paragraph coherence.
UNIT: 9 [ page 111 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Paragraph
WRITING TOOLS: Examples; details; facts and statistics.
SKILLS: Supporting topic sentences; enumeration; increasing and decreasing importance.
UNIT: 10 [ page 127 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Paragraph
WRITING TOOLS: Cause and effect; comparing and contrasting.
SKILLS: Developing specific types of paragraph; arranging details in comparison and contrast; writing introductions and conclusions; sentence variety.
UNIT: 11 [ page 152 ]
DISCOURSE LEVEL: Composition
WRITING TOOLS: Guidelines for revising and correcting.
SKILLS: Revising sentence length; proofreading for surface mistakes; revising for faulty reasoning; peer editing.